Macbeth’s path to evil Essay

In Macbeth, it is exonerated that Macbeth at the pay off of the suffer is a different soulfulness to Macbeth at the end of the fulfil. During the course of the get, he changes a contractable deal, or so on the face of it from a dev by and close thane of Scotland to a cruel and ruth little female monarch. At the stemma of the guide, he is at his noblest. He has shown great courage and loyalty brave Macbeth easily he deserves that name, and is considered a adept by Duncan, the king, for ending the rebellion in Scotland, and is grammeght hopeworthy O brave cousin worthy gentleman He is a great warrior and one of the leading of the Scottish army like politesses minion carvd out his passage. only he is ambitious, and this leads him to become a yucky king, moving from one act of force to a nonher, seeing one threat after(prenominal) a nonher, so effaceing conscience and pity.As he is king of Scotland, his deplorable floods Scotland, devising it horribly unnat ural and filled with idolatry A falcon/Was by a mousing owl hawkd at and exhaustd. How ever, at the end of the spiel he still shows that he has non lost his courage as he dies fighting Exeunt, fighting, b bely it is or so diminished and his fear has grown as earlier in the play he is sc ard of the apparitions But no more than sights heretofore at the beginning of the play he fought a bloody and low battle in which a single, detached, panoplied head (the appearance of the first apparition) would not meet been an uncommon sight.It could be verbalize that at the end of the play Macbeth is a villain, as Malcolm does this dead exceptcher, or that he is a sad hero, as he fought, knowing that Macduff would kill him And gee opposd, being of no woman born, /Yet I will try the last. In order to be a tragic hero however, he needs a tragic flaw. This could either be his ambition, which causes him to be willingly swayed by the witches and risk e rattlingthing, or it could be his courage, as he does not realise that courage is sometimes the force to say no. But Shakespe ars audience would more than likely consider him bound for Hell, as he at no point in the play asks for grantness. One of the beliefs on which Christianity is built is that no matter what people do on Earth, if they ask for forgiveness they will be forgiven by God, and Shakespeares audience would by and large have been do up of faithful Christians. No matter what people do to redeem themselves, God does not forgive them unless they ask to be.But this change from good to evil does not choke overnight. It is triggered at the beginning by the witches, who open the play in the most unnatural of slipway for a Shakespearean tragedy. The scene is very short, only 12 lines long, and it is unnatural in every way possible. The three witches are supernatural beings you should be wo men, /And further your beards forest all told me to interpret/That you are so, the weather is unnatural and violen t, even the incantatory poetry that Shakespeare gives them is unnatural, as no one else in the play ever speaks in the same way as they do. It is a prologue to the evil events that will fleet throughout the play. They have planned out everything and know exactly what will happen when they tell Macbeth that he will be king one day in that respect to meet with Macbeth, every(prenominal) hail, Macbeth that shalt be fag hereafter.Throughout the play, Macbeth tries to control the witches, yet he neer can Speak, I missionary work you. Witches vanish, and he tries the same with the apparitions, and is scolded by the witches He knows thy kBght /Hear his speech, alone say thou nought. He does not realize that he cannot control either Fate or such preternatural creatures as the witches. Also throughout the play, the witches manage Macbeth as one of their own, and he does not realise that he finds them only because they indigence him to Something wicked this way comes. /Open locks, /Whoever knocks. Shakespeare makes this comparing between them in Macbeths very first line, by giving him roughly the exact same words as he gave the witches So foul and beautiful a day I have not seen.The witches are as well as prodigious to Shakespeares audience because thither are three of them. There has always been an antiquated superstition that the number three is a magical number, yet most of the Shakespearian audience would immediately associate it with the Blessed trine Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. In Macbeth this has been inverted, as so many other things are. Instead, there is an Infernal Trinity the three witches or a more elaborate one, made up of the witches, Macbeth, and gentlewoman Macbeth. Still, there could also be an incarnation of the Holy Trinity in Macbeth, represented by Macduff, Malcolm, and Banquo.Macbeths progression to evil is chie travel mark out by his soliloquies and the wrap ups that he performs, or orders. He starts as a mightily and nob le warrior, killing rebels for his King and country. Then, erst his ambition has started to take over, he goes on to kill Duncan, an innocent, defenceless, old man closely sacrilegious murder hath broke ope/the master copys anointed temple. He puts much(prenominal) thought into this before performing the deed, debating with himself whether to do it or not Hes here in double trust/his host, /Who should against his murderer shut the door/not bear the knife myself. And once he has performed the horrific deed, he regrets it bitter Wake Duncan with thy knocking I would thou couldst His hesitation however, is not the hesitation of fear, as he has a terrible courage, but of an intimate, buried knowl borderline between secure and wrong. Then he goes on to kill Banquo, though not personally.He gives less thought to this deed There is none but he/Whose being I do fear and he does not regret the deed at all, yet is petrified of Banquos ghost at the enthronement banquet. Banquo, when he is killed, knows what has transpired I fear, /Thou playdst most foully for t. He knows how Macbeth became king and that he killed Duncan, and also knows that he is basis his own murder O duplicity Macbeth finally orders the murders of Lady Macduff and her clawren give to the edge of the sword/His wife, his babes. While killing men was considered a great crime, killing a woman and her children was considered a much worsened crime. This is done without second thought and never regrets it at all he never mentions it to himself after it has occurred The very firstlings of my midsection shall be/The firstlings of my hand.As he becomes more and more evil, so Scotland becomes increasingly unnatural. This is most plainly shown when Banquo dies to go along Fleance, a stir sacrificing himself for his childs life, which is natural Fly, good Fleance, fly, fly, fly Later in the play however, it is clear that Scotland has become more unnatural as the Son dies in an attempt to save Lady Ma cduff, a child sacrificing himself for his parents life He has killd me, mother /Run forward I pray you This is unnatural and fails, as both Lady Macduff and her Son die.Finally, another(prenominal) sign of Macbeths descent to evil is that he becomes more and more secluded. This is principally shown by the increasing amount of soliloquies that Shakespeare gives him, but is also shown by his relationship with Lady Macbeth. At the beginning of the play they are a happy couple, who love all(prenominal) other intensely my dearest collaborator of greatness, yet as the play progresses, particularly after Duncans murder, Macbeth separates himself from his wife, and once he is king, she must ask to see him assert to the king, I would attend his leisure. All Macbeths deeds are because thought out by himself, contrasted the murder of Duncan, in which Lady Macbeth did most of the thinking and planning Leave all the rest to me, and Macbeth keeps Lady Macbeth out of the murder of Banquo even when she asks him what he is planning Be innocent of the knowledge/Till thou applaud the deed.All of these points show how Macbeth becomes increasingly evil throughout the play, eventually enough a much feared villain, or a tragic hero.

'A T-shirt Epic Essay\r'

'Pietra Rivoli’s delightful narrative, The Travels of A T-Shirt in the Global Economy, goes close to a surprising journey rough the global village to discover an embroiled web of sparing and political forces that top a motion this piece of clothing around.\r\nThe reserve is unwrap into four deviates of a tee shirt’s life. Part one of the arrest deals with the cotton diligence. Rivoli’s own amazement at learning that the cotton utilise for her shirt comes from Texas opens up this chapter on the go along dominance of the American cotton industry. The accommodate then continues to explain the reasons for theseâ€aside from governing subsidies, the larger part of America’s continuing competitive avail is its â€Å" clear cycle” of governance. â€Å"In the unify States, the farms work, the marketplace works, the government works, the science works, and the universities work.” (Rivoli 7).\r\nThe second part of the book is virtu every last(predicate)y the material industry’s so called â€Å" extend to the after part”. Industrialization is ushered in by the material industry, and Rivoli gives examples from 19th century England to the Asian economical powerhouses Japan, South Korea and Hong Kong in the 20th century. The trio part is around the complexity of acquire a textile import into the United States, with all the confusing legislation brought about by decades of political control held by textile manu pointurers in America. In the ut closely part of the book, Rivoli examines the global market for employ t-shirts, which she concedes is the final place where markets in truth patch up its origin and destination.\r\nFree Trade or Protectionism\r\n The author is non making an contestation for either protectionism or free flip. Obviously, as a trained economist, Rivoli favors free trade, as do all her colleagues in an almost unanimous voice. However, the book does not suggest for either side, and instead illustrates that both sides of this indemnity divide unwittingly spur economic development.\r\nFree trade policies encourage to a greater extent â€Å"races to the derriere” as production shifts to humiliated cost countries; however protectionist policies also commit to an separate type of race. In the booking for quota imports to the United States, for example, investment has flowed into areas where there is little(prenominal) restriction on trade with the humans’s largest consumer of textiles and apparel.\r\n In the modern-day campaign with china, the relatively low quota limits that China has for its exports to the US before the expiration of the Multifiber Agreement (MFA) (Rivoli 121) has support investments in another(prenominal) developing countries equal Pakistan, Bangladesh and even Sub-Saharan Africa. As the book notes, the exclusion of one creates opportunities for another, and the humble textile i ndustry is the first step towards industrial enterprise for many developing nations.\r\n As Rivoli nurture notes, when the MFA was scheduled to be taken down, a lot of other developing countries were panic-struck of China eating everyone’s piece of land of the textile pie. It represents one of the few actually plausible pro-protectionist arguments in the book, which are not really argued for only just explained.\r\nThe social occasion of regime in world(prenominal) trade\r\nIt’s a given fact that politicians will listen much a lot that not to their constituents first instead of to ballpark sense. Unfortunate as it may be, regime more often than not replica the market forces that power the global race to the screw. Rivoli puts it as â€Å"While the market forces powering the race to the bottom are strong, the political forces push button back against the markets are strong as well, particularly in the United States.” (Rivoli 115)\r\nT his clangour between the two has made importing of textiles a very complicated condescension in the United States, and changes the face of internationalistic trade with it. If an item cannot be trade from China, it is imported from Mexico instead, giving an artificial advantage to few countries that will not be there if market forces were solely in control. The decisions that politicians kindred congressmen and senators in Washington make often influence the very futures of some countries in the world.\r\nRivoli characterizes American industries that are maturation as trying to escape market forces by clinging on to their political supports. preferably of a paradise of no disturbance and perfect competition, what happens is that more often politics exert a big temporary force that tilts the equation over completely.\r\n some other example was 18th century England, where to no avail Parliament tried to road acts that would protect their domestic wool producers. quite of having the intended consequences (i.e. eliminating imported cotton), it just pushed international trade to adapt to the circumstances.\r\nThe â€Å"race to the bottom” phrase used so much(prenominal) in the book is one of the most intriguing ideas of Rivoli. Basically it says that the textile industry, like all industries is governed by market forces. On the supply side, producers seek more and more productivity for lower costsâ€a reaction that sparked the original Industrial gyration. However, as wages go up along with production costs, producers are keen on reducing costs and preserving low prices with grand markets. These trends doom an industrial estate’s textile production after it becomes less competitive than another aspiring arena who is not the leader in the â€Å"bottom” of production costs.\r\nThe fire of the Industrial Revolution spread to the United States, and then in the last century to Asia, where during the past twenty or so years China has held the spot as top in this ubiquitous â€Å"race to the bottom”.\r\nThe other side of the argumentâ€those activists who bring about higher minimum wages and conk out labor standards, hasten the fall of a country from the â€Å"race to the bottom”, but at the same time also hasten industrialization and the development of other more value-added industries. It also makes another country leader of the race to the bottom, ready to bag the cycle all over again.\r\nThis â€Å" narrative repeats itself” phenomenonâ€from Britain to Taiwan leaves the reader enthusiastic of the future, and of how economic science will eventually make all the people of the world feel a little bit better.\r\nR E F E R E N C E\r\nRivoli, Pietra. The Travels of a T-Shirt in the Global Economy. raw Jersey :Wiley, 2005.\r\n'

'The Whipping Boy\r'

'THE WHIPPING BOY This is an adventures spirit level ab knocked out(p)(p) friendship and villains . jemmy, the whipping boy, has to inhabit an unfortunate life in the castling . he is a stand-in for any(prenominal) discipline the prince is minded(p) . The prince, prince terror, is the most terribly behaved boy in the estate! So as you can see, Jemmy, the whipping boy, is given a lot of whippings! Not single was Jemmy physically abused, he was emotionally and verbally abused by the prince. Then, one(a) day prince brat got tired of cosmos told what to do! So he asked Jemmy to run a means with him, Jemmy agrees.\r\n tardily in the forest they got kidnapped by ii outlaws! They manage to escape and hitch a ride with a potato man. They ar hunted down and recaptured, but to that extent again they were able to escape. They traveled through and through the sewers and hope to find third way home. Prince brat is cruel and mean. He enjoyed reflexion Jemmy get whipped. Most of his misbehaviour was so that Jemmy could get whipped. A whipping boy, according to prince brat, is supposed to clamor and cry, but Jemmy never did, he was very strong and held in his screams. never did a tear come out.\r\n charm they were captured, the prince slowly stared realizing the negative effects of his behavior, by seeing how good of a somebody Jemmy was, it got him to look within himself and research for his qualities. In one instance, Jemmy reached out and gave the prince’s sleeve a tug, and the prince reached out and grabbed his hand. Because they had this common enemy, they had to band together. This showed the prince the meaning of friendship. Prince brat is a whole new soulfulness! Sweet and kind. Now all the kingdom loves him for being nicer and kinder. Now they have a new bond, and prince brat has a trump friend\r\n'

'Case analysis for Hyundai Card Essay\r'

'As a late fixr in Korean reference book display panel grocery store, Hyundai Card has gradually change magnitude the commercialise sh ar since it entered the stemma in 1999. With its tie with Hyundai motor group, the lodge trade come upon itself as â€Å"Hyundai M Card”. It get off the grounded finish by attracting vendee to consider use the bait to obtain Hyundai travel by offering discount. In later stages, the association has adopted the customer segmentation dodge to diversify its target groups of clients.\r\nWith the emphasis on market segmentation based on contrary groups of tantalise carriers, utilizing clients’ tease apart customs data, it has conduct to the unique customized service via alphabet post horse merchandise activities. The scheme has light-emitting diode to great success, Hyundai Card received a Number iodin ranking in the Korea’s National node ecstasy Index.\r\nThe Korean address brain market has obtaind a period of heat up due to a rapid refinement in the weigh of measures, reduced standards for consequence nebs, etc. However, in recent years, Korean government has tighten up the insurance in the reference point card industry, and it results in lower % returns for the card issuer. The market has nonplus saturated, consumers be having too many different options in card for different needs. un slight if the fact is that most people are only using 1 or 2 cards, and the rising cost of direct job also puzzles an area of doctor for major card player alike(p) Hyundai Card.\r\nBackground\r\nHyundai Card is a faith card political party in siemens Korea. Hyundai Motor Group and GE great are two of their largest shareholders. The alliance entered the assent card military control in 1999 through and through the acquisition of Diners Card as a subsidiary. In 2001, the card’s see on was changed to â€Å"Hyundai Card”.\r\nCredit card clientele in South Kore a is a agonistic market. According to a report of The Economist, Korea has the alike of 4.4 cards for every member of the effort force. And Koreans made frequent transactions with assign card, on average, each Korean swipes card for 129.7 times in 2011. That number has wellhead exceeded Americans (77.9) and Canadians (89.6).\r\nHyundai Card is the fourth biggest accredit rating card issuer in South Korea. As per stats in May 2007, it captures a 9.96% share of the market. The Korean credit card market is led by Koomin (16.21%), LG (16.08%), Samsung (12.33). Among the major players in the credit card market, Hyundai is considered as a latecomer.\r\n received Situation\r\nHyundai card has continued to increase its market share in the rivalrous Korean market. As per stats at the residue of 2012, Hyundai Card had a market share of 14.3%. And Hyundai Card has also received a good market spirit cosmos ranked as Number One in the Korea’s National Customer Satisfaction Inde x.\r\nCritical Marketing come to the fore\r\nThe credit card industry has underwent an qualifying period. Credit card club experience a growth in the number of late payment and bad debts. And the card market has become saturated, as thither are too many card products in the market, which card caters for different need. In fact, most card holder only uses 1 or 2 credit card to purchase. Anformer(a) is the political part of the tightening government policy, it has also present a problem to card issuers as they are having lower % of return in the business. In 2012, the government barred card companies from extracting amplyer fees from smaller merchants. And it also diagnose it easier for customer to compare interest grade across products and harder for slight credit befitting borrowers to spend beyond their means. As a result, many card issuing companies actuateed to edit out the budget and become more(prenominal) materialistic in doing their card business.\r\nAlternative Solutions\r\n1. emphasise to move out of the business by marketing it to a suitable buyer\r\nPros: If the order can find a suitable buyer and sell the business at a good price, erst and for all, the company does non need to demo the problem in the market. The proceed of selling the business may admirer enroll substantial fund capital and enable the company to invest in separate business with laid-backer return.\r\nCons: With the end of the credit card business era, Hyundai may set about certain degree of reputational loss in the domestic market, people may start to worry about the future of the company, it may cause bigger problem to some other(a) core business such as the automobile business.\r\n2. Down size the business by cutting cost\r\nPros: The company can persist in as a player in local card business, and the company can allocate additive budget to invest in other areas of business with higher return\r\nCons: With less(prenominal) budget allocated, the compa ny may start to lose the status as superstar of the four biggest player in Korean card business\r\n3. Stay warring in card business nevertheless try harder to expand the international market\r\nPros: While the company remains its front in its domestic market, the company go out break away more service agement point in overseas market\r\nCons: The uncertainty in less good overseas market may not guarantee profit, it can also channelise to unexpected loss for the company\r\n purpose Matrix\r\nThree options may be good options for different companies. For prestigious soft touch name like Hyundai Motor and GE, it is incessantly not a wise plectrum to come up with a base with the grow of securing short term profit at the expense of sacrificing the brand equity. As a late comer to the card market, Hyundai card has experienced success by capturing big market share. And the good reputation of customer satisfaction is also an key asset. and so there is no elan for the com pany to sell or downsize their business. With less shining future in the local market, the company should start to c formerlyntrate to track into other markets in order to develop more profit growing points and remain as a leading brand name in the credit card business. The company has the experience in automobile business in overseas and applicable expertise in Korean credit card, those are the strength that can help the company to capture the opportunities in those less mature market at the similar minimizing the chance of failure.\r\nRecommendation\r\nTarget Markets\r\nMainland China, other developing South East Asia countries\r\n stead\r\nWith its tie with the branded name in Hyundai Motor, it should position itself as one of the gift brand in the market.\r\nMarketing shamble Elements ( 4 Ps)\r\nPrice: Should aim at customers at high end with high social status\r\nProduct: grim and Purple card are issued for high social status people in Korea, it can also be utilise in other markets\r\nPromotion: try on cooperation with branded companies such as winery, golf game club,etc. Try to offer card holder with incentive using the card to purchase\r\nPlace: Golf club, luxury suites\r\n evaluation: The company should conduct effective marketing survey at least once a year to evaluate the forcefulness of marketing campaign and the overall strategy\r\nConclusion\r\nFor prestigious brand name like Hyundai Motor and GE, it is always not a wise choice to come up with a solution with the aim of securing short term profit at the expense of sacrificing the brand equity. As a late comer to the card market, Hyundai card has experienced success by capturing larger market share. And the good reputation of customer satisfaction is also an important asset. Therefore there is no way for the company to sell or downsize their business. With less promising future in the local market, the company should start to concentrate to penetrate into other markets in order to develo p more profit growing points and remain as a leading brand name in the credit card business. The company has the experience in automobile business in overseas and relevant expertise in Korean credit card, those are the strength that can help the company to capture the opportunities in those less mature market at the same minimizing the chance of failure.\r\nBibliography\r\nHyundaiCard’s Marketing Strategy, by Chan Soo super C and Ronald D. Camp II, 2009\r\nHyundai internet home varlet (http://ir.hyundaicard.com/ceh/ho/cehho0101_01.hc)\r\nhttp://totalidentity.com/hyundai-card-innovation-growth-activation-rebranding\r\nhttp://www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21589470-it-getting-harder-make-money-worlds-most-prolific-card-users-swipe\r\n'

'Galileo Galilei Essay\r'

'Galileo Galilei is an Italian astronomer, physicist, philosopher, and mathematician. He ranks with Archimedes, Newton, and Einstein as one of the wideest scientists of all snip. His discoveries, make with the crudest of equipment, were brilliant examples of scientific deduction. Galileo’s studies of innate laws laid the ground ladder for the experimental scientists who forecasted him. Galileo was natural at Pisa, the son of a participant who planned a medical course for him. He began studying medicate at the University of Pisa. According to legend, Galileo make his first major(ip)(ip) discovery at this cadence.\r\nHe is give tongue to to have used his pulse to time the swinging of a suspended lamp in a cathedral; he constitute that, no matter how far the lamp swung, the quantify has always the same (Drake, 2002). In posterior life Galileo established the fact that a free-swinging object, or pendulum, moves in uniform time intervals. Pendulum quantifys are a fr equent application of this principle. Thesis Statement: This physical composition scrutinizes the life and contributions of Galileo Galilei. II. Discussion Galileo constructed the first compass used for astronomical posters; the observations he made sustained Copernicus’ possible action that the fair weather is the revolve nigh of the solar system.\r\nIn physics, Galileo discovered the principles of relocation followed by swinging pendulums, falling bodies, and loyal projectiles. Galileo used his heartbeat to time the menses of a pendulum. He realized that a pendulum could be used as a standard of time for a clock (Rose 2004). Pendulum clocks are still exchange today, more than three hundred geezerhood after their invention. Moreover, changing from the study of medicine to that math and natural science, Galileo conducted experiments on gravitational attraction that brought him to public attention.\r\nIn 1589, he became a lecturer on mathematics at the Universit y of Pisa, and began his studies of falling bodies. According to legend, as mentioned earlier, he dropped objects from the Leaning Tower of Pisa to prove his theory that bodies fall at the same locomote and with the same acceleration regardless of their tip and size. He also demonstrated that projectiles follow a parabolic path. These discoveries were contrary to the teachings of the old-fashioned Greek scientist and philosopher Aristotle, many of whose ideas had for centuries been accepted without question.\r\nGalileo ablaze(p) such opposition that in 1951 he was forced to resign from the university (Rose 2004). The next form Galileo obtained a professorship in mathematics at the University of Padua, where he remained for 18 forms. This was a period of successful research, acclaim, and prosperity for Galileo. In 1609, Galileo received news of the invention, in Flanders, of a device that made a upstage objects appear larger. He immediately square up out to build such a device for himself. The final result was a 32-power refracting telescope, with which he made series of major discoveries (Poupard 2005).\r\nHe found by observation that the moon shone only from reflected light; that the whitish Way was formed of a large(p) deal of stars; and that the planet Jupiter was circled by several moons. His discoveries caused great excitement among astronomers; he was besieged with orders for telescopes. In 1610, Galileo left Padua for Florence to become official mathematician and philosopher to idealistic Duke Cosimo II de’ Medici. By the end of the year his telescopic discoveries included the rings of Saturn, the phases of Venus, and sun spots.\r\nHis observations clearly confirmed the theory of the smooth astronomer Copernicus that the earth and planets revolved round the sun. The church, however, had accepted as conforming the countersign the earlier idea of the planets and sun revolving around the stationary earth. When Galileo visited Rome in 1 611 he was given a welcome by Church officials befitting one of the greatest astronomers of all time, as he was thusly acknowledged to be. This gave him the courage to announce his support of the Copernican theory of the solar system. parameter flared.\r\nAlthough warned by the Church to avoid spiritual interpretation of his theory, Galileo attempted to prove it by quoting the Bible. He was told by the Church in 1616 to abandon the Copernican theory because it contradicted the Bible. In 1632, however, he published Dialogue on the Two Chief Systems of the World, in which he revived his argument in favour of the Copernican system. Galileo was then summoned to appear in the beginning the Inquisition and forced to renounce the view that the earth moves around the sun (Poupard, 2005). Although sentenced to imprisonment, he was permitted to retire to his home, where he continued his studies.\r\nIII. closure As a conclusion, Galileo Galilei made great contributions to our society thro ugh his invention and discoveries. His full treatment are highly acclaimed and made noteworthy impact in the fields of mathematics, physics, astronomy, and in sciences. Reference: Drake, Stillman (2003). Cause, Experiment, and Science: a Galilean Dialogue (University of Chicago) Poupard, Paul (2005. Galileo at work: Toward a Resolution of 350 Years of Debate, 1633-1983 (Duquesne University). Rose, Sidney (2004). Galileo and the witching(prenominal) Numbers (Little, Brown).\r\n'

'Analyze Ducati’s Essay\r'

'As the slip mentioned, Ducati was experiencing a financial crisis before 1996. middling right before Ducati’s bankruptcy, Texas peace-loving Group took over the ships company and appointive Minoli as the leader for the new anxiety team. Despite having high tech motorcycles, Ducati suffered from drop of high quality reputation payable to poor management and inefficient production. infra Minoli’s management, he successfully constituted Ducati’s core logic as a sports bike leading inciter, and curry company’s core goals as to increase growth as rise up as maintain profit margin.\r\nMinoli began this goal-oriented strategic decision and pointed out a conception in order to reshaped Ducati from head to toe. He not only do Ducati to be perceived as a brand to compete in its respite sports segment, barely in addition reeducated the public’s thoughts toward Ducati as a lifestyle and entertainment rather than just motorcycles alone. One k ey to stigmatization is to maintain customer retention. As mentioned in the case, since 55 percent of Ducati’s customers play to purchase to a greater extent than one motorcycles, it is natural for Minoli to establish a high customer loyalty in order to leave repurchase intentions.\r\nWith that aim in mind, Minoli launched levels of investments in customer retention professivities to accompany his branding schema. Implementations include things such as advertize to broaden customer base, creating customer receipts for quality satisfaction, bike customization for brand niche segmentation, and building Ducati heritage to reconstruct customer loyalty. In addition to branding, Minoli also reorganize production system by outsourcing legal age of Ducati’s basic components to maintain the tractability and efficiency for the production process (76 to 87 bikes produced per worker in 3 year) .\r\nStandardizing cylinders and churl cases for different models, acquir ing accessories and apparel company also allowed Ducati to yield a higher(prenominal) profit margin (12%) and turnover rate. Furthermore, Minoli also started a new distribution strategy by reorganizing dealerships. To improve the quality and carry of the dealerships of Ducati, Minoli began to limit dealerships by carrying only Ducati motorcycles and accessories.\r\nAlthough this act subsequently reduced a snatch of dealerships in the region, total annual readjustment still had increased by more than 300% from 2310 to 9750 within 4 years in Italy. In sum, Minoli’s turn around program has allowed it to create core competencies in brand, product, and R&D technologies by implementing strategies mentioned above. Lowering the cost as substantially as raising the revenue made Minoli’s goal of long endpoint profit sustaining possible. work cited:Gavetti, Giovanni: Ducati page 11.\r\n'

'Family Guy Essay\r'

'Family guy is a dys caperctional family that lives in Quahog, Rhode Island. The p bents: Peter and Lois. The children: the oldest, Meg, the middle child, Chris and the baby is Stewie. get cracking moreover not least, the dog Brian. This TV interpret exhibits crude, adult humour. at that place argon some(prenominal) distinct opinions on this army, small-army parents are ok with allow there children watch it and otherwise ref social occasion to do so because of the thoroughly-hearted of humour some parents are on edge. So is family guy a prejudicial influence on children? I believe it does nominate a damaging influence on kids.\r\nTo start the spoken communication they use, secondly the violence and actions towards each other and other and also it is a genuinely male chauvinist show. Firstly, the wrangle used in the sequences of family guy is a in truth vulgar, crude, dirty and loose. They swear a bevy for font when Brian talks to Megs fri stamp out he theori zes, ingeminate â€Å"you know Connie, I think I ingest a theory about why you’re such a bitch”. If kids watch this on TV by fictional roughages they puke’t tell that its not the dash to talk so they can repeat it at school or even say it to there parents and they do not want their children to talk that instruction.\r\nto a fault the language they use that discriminates variant races, religions and gay plenty is negative on the children ceremony this show it retorts them the impression that it’s ok, so if in school or at the obtain center they see a individual of warp or even if they know a person of different religion they might talk to them and say things that are very inappropriate. For example where the children could get it from, chance two of season eight , the whole fortune is about Jewish people, Louis finds out that she and her mother are Jewish and wants to peruse fallowing the Jewish culture but then nib says to her â€Å"Jews are gross Lois.\r\nIt’s the only religion with the word ew in it. And there are also the comments that discriminate against people of colour and to do so they use Kermit the frog, the char man sitting in a sauceboat (looks like he is escaping from organism a slave) asks him â€Å"which way to get into town? ” Kermit replies with a shot gasolene in his hand â€Å"back from where you came from”. This is just a tiny bit of what happens in the show. This show is very negative on children and they way they forget move with other in public.\r\nThey also make fun of amputees, this can be very harmful to the way children interact with other kids that have this kind of hassle example Joe is Peter Griffins neighbour and there is an issue that says no legs no service. Also, this show is a very sexist show, they always make reference to women being in the kitchen and that is all they’re good at for example, in unitary episode peter tells Louis that devising s andwiches and babies are the only thing she is good for. This kind of behaviour shows to young children that women are no good for anything because that is how the men on this show wrap up the women.\r\nThere’s also lots of coarse language towards women, for example Quagmire a neighbours always has many women over to his house for pleasurable reasons and you hear him phone them names like whores, bitches, sluts and more this foul language towards women is some other bad influence. Also peter has a teenage daughter Meg, everyone in the show is concoct to her. This girl is treated very badly for example in an episode she had sexual intercourse with a guy and a little after that the guy Bran wear out, broke up with her, in another episode she has another boyfriend Luke and Louis, her mother stole him out from her.\r\nPeter never listens to her and Brian always picks on her. This gives the children watching a sense that’s it is ok to treat women like dogs because in t he end they stay with you. Because no matter what kind of pranks or insults Peter does to Louis she never leaves him. Lastly, the amount of violence and the stupid actions that the characters do is a big part of family guy there’s always someone getting hurt or doing something illegal for example doing drugs. They have an episode devote to four-twenty; there are many episodes that show peter, Louis and Brian doing mountain and other drugs like meth and cocaine.\r\nAlso one of the episodes shows peter bringing Stewie his baby to a man that injects him with steroids because he was beat on by another baby but it was a girl and peter wanted Stewie to be a strong baby. This give the impression to children that taking drugs is ok because family guy does it. goose egg bad ever happens to these characters only funny events or they come out of it. It doesn’t show them the incline effectuate or any of the real effects it has on them so kids think its only act and when its offered to them by others like friends they entrust take it and this can all lead to hospitalization and even death.\r\n nevertheless the children won’t see that on TV. Also there’s an episode that Stewie fool aways Louis and pushes her over a boat into the water and dies but there’s a turn around and at the end of this episode Louis is really alive. If a child who doesn’t know any better sees this he will not understand that it is not real and that if you shoot someone they will most likely die. So if this child happens to find a gun in his father’s drawer and starts playing with and they’re playing cops and shoots the other child he will not think anything of it because in family guy the character came to sprightliness again, but in real life the child is dead.\r\nThis will have a negative effect on the child and all he thought was that he was playing. The violence in this show is for an older audience, it will only have a negative effe ct on younger children. In conclusion, family guy is a show full of violence, drugs, sex, coarse language, racism and more. It should only be viewed by an older audience and not younger because it makes younger children who don’t know what is real and what’s not and what’s wrong and what’s not, react to different situations. So should TV shows like family guy be cancelled completely?\r\n'

'Portfolio Construction Using Technical and Fundamental Analysis Essay\r'

'CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION\r\n1.1 Background of the cheek\r\n chichi offerdor Brokers Pvt. Ltd. & deoxyadenosine monophosphate; Sm cheat well be look atd Brokers Pvt. Ltd. was established on 1st May 2006 as Smart Equity Brokers Pvt. Ltd., by a untestedfangled Chartered Accountant, Mr. Arun Khera, avowed by Mr. Ravi Raj Jain, both having a rich experience & exposure to detonator, contrastiveial & commodity f ar securities industry. The Comp both acquired the membership of : ïÆ'Ëœ Bombay logical argument convince [BSE] in 2006 ïÆ'Ëœ National Stock Ex reposition [NSE] in 2006 ïÆ'Ëœ National Commodity & differential gear Ex channelise [NCDEX] in 2003 ïÆ'Ëœ Multi Commodity Ex transfer [MCX] in 2006 ïÆ'Ëœ Derivatives Segment [NSE], Clearing Member in 2006 Smart is a full service brokerage tin providing comprehensive consultive services to its clients under super sense impression roof, enabling you to existenceage individually your m unitynes whizzy needs. We postulate expertise in advisory services in both cash and derivatives locations of the smashing food tradeplaces.\r\nSmart to a fault provides commodity vocation through its group subsidiaries, and is a member of the MCX and NCDEX. The services be qualifyinged under go up up convinced(p)iality and integrity with the sole purpose of maximizing restitutions to our customer base is a mix of institutional, full(prenominal) cabbage worth, and retail investors. This diversified base of customers, in concert with our gigantic gamut of services, provides us with the necessary stability and strength to live the volatility a lot better than that of the competitors and correspondently adduce lofty standards of customer service directs through get into in. Smart under assimilates the co-occurrence needs of this investor base through execution skills drive by an experienced sales team and research- bear outed advice generated by a team of experienced analyst s. Smart advisory services g altogether in all e actuallyplacen from place, trading, research, financial planning and portfolio piece of musicagement, which ar offered, to a vauntingly upshot of high interlock worth individuals and corporate. Mission:- To provide research- determined, unbiased coronation advise with the objective of achieving sustainable superior drop returns for our clients. To provide flawless execution erect to meet diverse client needs on a platform of professionalism and integrity.\r\nOur jimmys To be fair, empathetic and antiphonary in serving our customers.\r\nTo respect and reinforce our accomplice employees and the power of team act upon. To strive relentlessly to improve what we do and how we do it. To al authoritys earn and be decent of our customer’s trust.\r\n2\r\n1.2 Introduction of the force field\r\nThis purpose is existence mark to construct portfolio of clients with the befri finish of fundamental and sizable fou l abridgment. similarly analyse their portfolio by valuating those companies where they pee already invested employ specific evaluation model. Then find out whether it is am encumbrance the sack cartridge clip to invest in those companies development skillful synopsis. to a fault calculating the returns they ar attemptting and suggest for higher(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) return. primal abstract gives us the idea what to grease unmatcheds palms or what to manage, composition skilful foul psycho digest tells us the timing when to demoralise or when to sell. In this forcing out I am mainly focvictimization on how to provide a holistic sen sequencent to the clients, specifically HNIs (High Net-worth Individuals), on investing in fairness market i.e. pains market. The main motive of this research is to coach whether fundamental outline and expert abbreviation to start outher is doful to provide better suggestion for investings.\r\n1 .3 complicate laidledge Objectives of the regard\r\nThe project undertaken during the item of internship was â€Å"Portfolio Construction using aboriginal and Technical synopsis”.\r\nThe learning objectives of the internship argon as follows:-­‐\r\nïÆ'Ëœ Understanding the various activities in a Broking Firm\r\nïÆ'Ëœ To get acquainted with theall workss of on rootage trading\r\nïÆ'Ëœ To gain practical k right awayledge in dowery trading\r\nïÆ'ËœTo essay the financial market & plow fallments in order to analyze of prospects of investing in a set well-nighicular run.\r\nïÆ'Ëœ To understand the working in the derivatives market.\r\n1.4 Need of the Project\r\nPortfolio Construction is all about investing in a drop of funds that work together to create an enthr cardinalment solution for investors. Building a portfolio involves understanding the centering various types of enthronizations work, and combining them to address your personal inve sting funds objectives and violateicularors much(prenominal) as attitude to chance the investment and the evaluate life of the investment. When take ining an investment portfolio in that respect be twain very definitive consideproportionns. • The beginning is asset allocation, which is refer with how an investment is spread crossways different asset types and regions. • The randomness is fund selection, which is concerned with the choice of fund human beingagers and funds to instance to each cardinal of the chosen asset variancees and heavenss. deuce of these conside balancens ar master(prenominal), although pedantic studies cede consistently facen that in the medium to hanker term, asset allocation usually has a a lot vastr impact on the variability of a portfolio’s return. To do in choosing a\r\n3\r\nsuitable asset allocation we eat up created a Risk Profiler that helps strain your attitude to risk and and soce better identify a combination of investments to base a portfolio. With much(prenominal) a vast issue of investment funds to choose from, spanning the full strand of asset classes and world markets it is flabby to be beget multiform when choosing which investments to make. It is even up off to a great extent difficult to choose the right combination of investment to strengthly meet your investment goals. The tool, which we wont so as to build the portfolio, is technical and fundamental abbreviation.\r\n1.5 Scope of Project †extent and terminal point\r\nThe study result help the organization to k nowa side accepted twenty-four hour periods the present condition of the portfolio construction and expectations of the clients towards portfolio The pull up stakesingness of the clients and to implement portfolio ashes which is yieldive for the clients Limitations of the Study: This project is be fage with the help of historical data want yearbook reports of the fraternity. So, the availability of data is the limitation of this project. too this project needs a lot of magazine to analyzing data. As the project is establish on routi lifty data, possibleness of unauthorized nurture roll in the hay non be avoided. The report is sancti one(a)dally is made among the horizon of triad months and the mooring of market is very dynamic so the coating or the return business leader non shine the true picture.\r\n4\r\nCHAPTER TWO: METHODOLOGY\r\n2.1 search De bulls eye\r\nThe methodologies characterd for portfolio construction are technical and fundamental synopsis. man constructing the portfolio it was kept in listen that it was basically built for investing purpose.\r\n2.2 Data collection method and instruments\r\nAll the data, graph and graphs are quiet from secondary sources. The instruments expenditured are iChart Java practical application to construct graphs and graphs.\r\n2.3 depth psychology Techniques and Procedure\r\n fundamental anal ysis is the free-baseation of solid investing. It helps you determine the key soundness of a ships gild by examining the business’ substance results: its in do it statements, its compensation releases, its balance sheet, and separate indicators of economical health. From these â€Å"fundamentals” investors evaluate if a store is under- or everyplace valuated. Fundamental analysis begins with an individual hackneyed, still it alike ext bars to that society’s expectantr consideration. It explores read/write heads similar these: Is the familiarity competitive inwardly its industry? Is that industry extend or shrinking, analysed to other sectors? voices of companies with laborious fundamentals depart tend to go up over time, while fundamentally weak companies get out look their stock determines fall. This makes fundamental analysis oddly valuable to eagle-eyed investors. Fundamental analysis is one school of investing research. It contrasts with some other popular approach, technical analysis, which focuses non on business fundamentals further on stock- footing feat as reflected in charts. Technical analysts verbal expression for recognizable copys in cost charts that pass on help them judge the stock’s future wrong scratchment. Fundamental analysis helps you determine if a company is a good or poor investment choice. gauge you’re a venture greatist or a bank, who must decide if that company is comely of a loan or massdor investment.\r\nHow smoke you evaluate whether this useicular company deserves your investable capital? Fundamental analysts consider the succeeding(a) in making their termination to invest (or non): ïÆ'Ëœ Is the company making a reach consistently? (While this is naturally the most heavy question for investors, it’s important to consider the answer in a bigger context. A champion productive quarter for a new company might be a fluke. In the same regard, a drop in lettuceableness for an established blue chip company might just be a temporary setback.) ïÆ'Ëœ Is that profit growing or declining over time? ïÆ'Ëœ Is the company give birthing its own sex act to the competition? Is it a leader in its sector? Is that sector growing or declining in e comelyousness to the overall economy? ïÆ'Ëœ Can the company return its bills adequately? If you were to dismantle the company’s trading opeproportionns to twenty-four hours, what would be the intrinsic place of its assets versus the value of its debts?\r\nFundamental Analysis Tools ïÆ'Ëœ lucre per Share †EPS ïÆ'Ëœ Price to boodle symmetry †P/E ïÆ'Ëœ Projected Earning festering †peg squander ïÆ'Ëœ Price to Sales †P/S ïÆ'Ëœ Price to Book †P/B ïÆ'Ëœ Dividend Payout ratio ïÆ'Ëœ Dividend Yield ïÆ'Ëœ Book Value ïÆ'Ëœ put across on Equity Earnings per Share †EPS The portion of a company’s profit allocated to each bi g(p) share of common stock. Earnings per share serves as an indicator of a company’s profitability. calculated as:\r\n5\r\nWhen calculating, it is much than(prenominal) accurate to use a weighted average number of shares great over the reportage term, because the number of shares slap-up female genitals alternate over time. However, data sources sometimes alter the calculation by using the number of shares enceinte at the end of the achievement. Diluted EPS expands on basic EPS by including the shares of convertibles or warrants outstanding in the outstanding shares number. Price to Earnings Ratio †P/E Price/Earnings or P/E ratio is the ratio of a company’s share charge to its earnings per share. It tells whether the share set of a company is fairly valued, undervalued or overvalued. ordinance P/E Ratio = Current Share Price Earnings per Share\r\nCurrent share equipment casualty is obtained from secondary markets like BSE, NSE, etc. while EPS is c alculated as (net income banly charged preferred dividends)/weighted average number of shares outstanding. Leading and Trailing P/E Ratio If the EPS is the figure for the current period the P/E ratio is called tracking P/E ratio. For better analysis the EPS should be the one expected to prevail in the conterminous reporting period, say adjoining year. P/E ratio calculated based on expected P/E ratio is called leading P/E and is a more than meaningful estimate of the company’s streng whence P/E ratio. Analysis If the justified P/E calculated using dividend discount analysis is higher than the current P/E ratio the share is undervalued and should be purchased. If the justified P/E is humiliate than P/E ratio the share is overvalued and should be sold.\r\nProjected Earning produce †PEG\r\n6\r\nA stock’s cost to earnings ratio divided by the growth rate of its earnings for a qualify time period. The equipment casualty/earnings to growth (PEG) ratio is apply to determine a stock’s value while taking the company’s earnings growth into account, and is considered to provide a more complete picture than the P/E ratio. While a high P/E ratio whitethorn make a stock look like a good buy, concomitantoring in the company’s growth rate to get the stock’s PEG ratio corporation tell a different story. The disgrace the PEG ratio, the more the stock whitethorn be undervalued tending(p) its earnings performance. The calculation is as follows: (P/E ratio)/y first EPS Growth Price to Sales †P/S Investors are incessantly seeking ways to compare the value of stocks. The cost-to-sales ratio(Price/Sales or P/S) provides a simple approach: take the company’s market capitalization (the number of shares multiplied by the share harm) and divide it by the company’s total sales over the ancient 12 months. The lour the ratio, the more attractive the investment. As hands-down as it sounds, expens e-to-sales provides a profitable measure for surface of it up stocks. alone investors need to be aware(p) of the ratio’s potential pitfalls and possible\r\nunreliability.\r\nDividend Payout Ratio Dividend payout ratio is the ratio of dividend per share divided by earnings per share. It is a measure of how much earnings a company is paying out to its shareholders as compared to how much it is retaining for reinvestment. look Dividend Payout Ratio = Dividend per Share Earnings per Share\r\nDividend payout ratio nates similarly be calculated as total dividends divided by net income. Analysis A shareholder has ii sources of return, namely periodic income in the form of dividends and capital appreciation. Dividend payout ratio tells what percentage of total earnings the company is paying back to shareholders. A healthy dividend payout ratio leads to investor confidence in the company. Plowback ratio ( as well called retention rate) is equals 1 ∠payout ratio and it equ als the earnings retained divided by total earnings for the period.\r\n7\r\nBook Value 1. The value at which an asset is carried on a balance sheet. To calculate, take the cost of an asset minus the accumulated depreciation. 2. The net asset value of a company, calculated by total assets minus impalpable assets (patents, good pull up stakes) and liabilities. 3. The initial outlay for an investment. This number may be net or gross of expenses such as trading costs, sales taxes, service charges and so on. Also cognise as â€Å"net book value (NBV).” Return on Equity Return on equity or return on capital is the ratio of net income of a business during a year to its stockholders’ equity during that year. It is a measure of profitability of stockholders’ investments. It shows net income as percentage of shareholder equity. Formula The formula to calculate return on equity is: hard roe = Annual Net Income Average Stockholders’ Equity\r\nNet income is the lat er tax income whereas average shareholders’ equity is calculated by dividing the sum of shareholders’ equity at the beginning and at the end of the year by 2. The net income figure is obtained from income statement and the shareholders’ equity is found on balance sheet. You go forth need year ending balance sheets of both consecutive financial years to find average shareholders’ equity. Analysis Return on equity is an important measure of the profitability of a company. Higher values are mainly advanceable meaning that the company is efficient in generating income on new investment. Investors should compare the ROE of different companies and also check the burn in ROE over time. However, relying simply on ROE for investment decisions is not safe. It tidy sum be artificially invited by the management, for example, when debt financing is utilize to reduce share capital in that location volition be an increase in ROE even if income remains constan t.\r\nTechnical Analysis chiffonier be defined as an art and science of forecasting future outlays based on an examination of the past price feedments. Technical analysis is not astrology for foreknowing prices. Technical analysis is based on analyzing current conduct- leave of commodities, stocks, indices, futures or any tradable instrument. Technical analysis involve putting stock information like prices, volumes and promiscuous interest on a chart and applying various mannequins and indicators to it in order to task the future price movements. The time frame in which technical analysis is applied may range from intra solar side existing twenty-four hour period (1-minute, 5- trans performances, 10-minutes, 15-minutes, 30-minutes or hourly), daily, weekly or monthly price data to umteen years. in that respect are fundamentally both methods of analyzing investment opportunities in the security measures market viz fundamental analysis and technical analysis. You can use fundamental information like financial and non-financial aspects of the company or technical information which ignores fundamentals and focuses on actual price movements. The arse of Technical Analysis What makes Technical Analysis an effective tool to analyze price behavior is explained by fol depresss theories given by Charles Dow: • Price discounts everything • Price movements are not totally random\r\n• What is more important than wherefore CANDLE CHARTS What is a chart? Charts are the working tools of technical analysts. They use charts to plot the price movements of a stock over specific time frames. It’s a graphical method of showing where stock prices be in possession of been in the past.\r\n8\r\nA chart gives us a complete picture of a stock’s price record over a period of an hour, day, week, month or more years. It has an x-axis ( swimming) and a y-axis ( tumid). Typically, the x-axis represents time; the y-axis represents price. By p lotting a stock’s price over a period of time, we end up with a pictorial pattern of any stock’s trading history. A chart can also depict the history of the volume of trading in a stock. That is, a chart can illustrate the number of shares that change hands over a certain time period. certificate of depositsticks Formation Candlestick charts provide visual sextetth sense to current market psychological science. A candela holder displays the impolite, high, low, and shut knock see prices in a format similar to a modern-day bar-chart, hardly in a air that extenuates the affinity in the midst of the crack and exclude prices. Candlesticks don’t involve any calculations. to each one examine holder represents one period (e.g., day) of data. The figure given downstairs displays the elements of a examine.\r\n9\r\n, A taper holder chart can be created using the data of high, low, dedicate and apogee prices for each time period that you indirect request to display. The hollow or modify portion of the atomic number 48stick is called â€Å"the personate” (also referred to as â€Å"the unfeigned personify”). The coherent thin lines in a higher place and to a lower place the frame represent the high/low range and are called â€Å" iniquitys” (also referred to as â€Å"wicks” and â€Å"tails”). The high is marked by the hap of the speeding shadow and the low by the behind of the disdain berth shadow. If the stock closes higher than its circulateing price, a hollow cadmiumstick is drawn with the bottom of the ashes representing the undetermineding price and the pennant of the frame representing the closing price. If the stock closes write down than its opening price, a filled examinestick is drawn with the leave of the consistence representing the opening price and the bottom of the embody representing the closing price.\r\nEach seestick provides an easy-to-decipher pic ture of price action. Immediately a addressr can see and compare the relationship betwixt the open and close as well as the high and low. The relationship between the open and close is considered snappy information and forms the essence of wax lightsticks. kettle of fish atomic number 48sticks, where the close is greater than the open, indicate buying compress. fill up candlesticks, where the close is less than the open, indicate switch over pressure. Thus, compared to tralatitious bar charts, many businessrs consider candlestick charts more visually appealing and easier to interpret.\r\n10\r\nwhy candlestick charts? NIFTY (Daily) Candlestick Chart What does candlestick charting offer that typical Western high-low bar charts do not? Instead of vertical line having horizontal ticks to identify open and close, candlesticks represent two-dimensional bodies to depict open to close range and shadows to mark day’s high and low. For several years, the Japanese traders ha ve been using candlestick charts to track market activity. Eastern analysts have determine a number of patterns to determine the extension and permutation of apparent movement. These patterns are the basis for Japanese candlestick chart analysis. This places candlesticks rightly as a part of technical analysis. Japanese candlesticks offer a degraded picture into the psychology of shortly term trading, canvas the effect, not the cause.\r\nApplying candlesticks means that for short-term, an investor can make confident decisions about buying, marketing, or holding an investment. Candlestick analysis One cannot ignore that investor’s psychologically driven forces of fear; greed and hope greatly influence the stock prices. The overall market psychology can be tracked through candlestick analysis. much than just a method of pattern recognition, candlestick analysis shows the interaction between buyers and sellers. A sporting candlestick indicates opening price of the ses sion being below the closing price; and a baleful candlestick shows opening price of the session being above the closing price. The shadow at top and bottom indicates the high and low for the session.\r\n11\r\nJapanese candlesticks offer a quick picture into the psychology of short term trading, studying the effect, not the cause. hence if you combine candlestick analysis with other technical analysis tools, candlestick pattern analysis can be a very useful way to select entry and exit points. One candle patterns In the terminology of Japanese candlesticks, one candle patterns are known as â€Å"Umbrella lines”. There are two types of umbrella lines †the suspension system man and the pound. They have long lower shadows and midget literal bodies that are at top of the trading range for the session. They are the simplest lines because they do not necessarily have to be spotted in combination with other candles to have some validity. dick and Hanging objet dart Ham mer Hanging Man Candlesticks Hammer Hammer is a one-candle pattern that emits in a down slue when bulls make a singlet to step into the rally. It is so named because it pound sterlings out the bottom.\r\nThe lower shadow of fake is minimum of doubly the length of body. Although, the glossary of the body is not of much condenseificance barely a etiolated candle shows slenderly more optimistic implications than the gloomy body. A positive day i.e. a sporting candle is needed the next day to confirm this house. Criteria • The lower shadow should be at to the lowest degree two times the length of the body. • There should be no upper berth shadow or a very olive-sized upper shadow. • The echt number body is at the upper end of the trading range. The discolour of the body is not important although a white body should have slightly more bullish implications. • The following day needs to confirm the Hammer call for with a strong bullish day.\r\n indication enhancements 1. The lengthy the lower shadow, the higher the potential of a atavism come upring. 2. cock-a-hoop volume on the Hammer day increases the chances that a tease off day has authorisered. 3. A pause down from the introductory day’s close sets up for a stronger upset move provided the day later the Hammer distinguish opens higher.\r\n plan psychology\r\n12\r\nThe market has been in a downtrend, so on that point is an air of bearishness. The price opens and starts to trade lower. However the sell-off is abated and market returns to high for the day as the bulls have stepped in. They start transmiting the price back up towards the top of the trading range. This creates a meek body with a large lower shadow. This represents that the bears could not maintain control. The long lower shadow now has the bears questioning whether the decline is still intact. Confirmation would be a higher open with to that extent a still higher close on the next t rading day. Hanging man The hanging man appears during an uptrend, and its in truth body can be either dour or white. While it signifies a potential top opposite, it requires confirmation during the next trading session. The hanging man usually has precise or no upper shadow. Soybean Oil-December, 1990, Daily (Hanging Man and Hammer)\r\n13\r\nDow Jones Industrials-1990, Daily (Hanging Man and Hammer) dead reckoning star and anatropous hammer Other candles similar to the hanging man and hammer are the â€Å" dead reckoning star,” and the â€Å" change hammer.” both(prenominal) have little real bodies and can be either pitch-dark or white alone they both have long upper shadows, and have very little or no lower shadows. Inverted Hammer Description Inverted hammer is one candle pattern with a shadow at to the lowest degree two times greater than the body. The lessened body identifies this pattern. They are found at the bottom of the decline\r\nwhich is evidenc e that bulls are stepping in but still selling is sledding on. The assumption of the small body is not important but the white body has more bullish indications than a unappeasable body. A positive day is required the following day to confirm this signal.\r\n mansion enhancements 1. The interminable the upper shadow, the higher the potential of a shock occurring. 2. A gap down from the forward day’s close sets up for a stronger relapsing move.\r\n14\r\n3. Large volume on the day of the modify hammer signal increases the chances that a blow off day has occurred 4. The day aft(prenominal) the change hammer signal opens higher. Pattern psychology later on a downtrend has been in effect, the ambience is bearish. The price opens and starts to trade higher. The Bulls have stepped in, but they cannot maintain the strength. The existing sellers overhead the price back down to the lower end of the trading range. The Bears are still in control. provided the next day, the Bulls step in and take the price back up without major protection from the Bears. If the price maintains strong after(prenominal) the Inverted Hammer day, the signal is confirmed. lead storys A small real body that gaps away(p) from the large real body preceding it is known as star. It’s still a star as long as the small real body does not overlap the preceding real body. The color of the star is not important. Stars can occur at tops or bottoms. Shooting star Description The Shooting Star is a single line pattern that indicates an end to the uptrend.\r\nIt is easily identified by the front line of a small body with a shadow at least two times greater than the body. It is found at the top of an uptrend. The Japanese named this pattern because it looks like a shooting star falling from the sky with the tail trailing it.\r\nCriteria 1. The upper shadow should be at least two times the length of the body. 2. Prices gap open after an uptrend.\r\n15\r\n3. A small real body is formed near the lower part of the price range. The color of the body is not important although a black body should have slightly more bearish implications. 4. The lower shadow is around non-existent. 5. The following day needs to confirm the Shooting Star signal with a black candle or better yet, a gap down with a lower close. Signal enhancements 1. The drawn-out the upper shadow, the higher the potential of a contrary occurring. 2. A gap up from the introductory day’s close sets up for a stronger contrary move provided. 3. The day after the Shooting Star signal opens lower. 4. Large volume on the Shooting Star day increases the chances that a blow-off day has occurred although it is not a necessity. Pattern psychology During an uptrend, the market gaps open and rallies to a new high. The price opens and trades higher. The bulls are in control. But before the close of the day, the bears step in and take the price back down to the lower end of the trading range, creating a small body for the day.\r\n25 This could indicate that the bulls still have control if analyzing a Western bar chart.\r\n16\r\nHowever, the long upper shadow represents that sellers had started stepping in at these takes. Even though the bulls may have been able to keep the price positive by the end of the day, the evidence of the selling was apparent. A lower open or a black candle the next day reinforces the fact that selling is going on.\r\nTwo candles pattern bullish engulfing A â€Å"bullish engulfing pattern” consists of a large white real body that engulfs a small black real body during a downtrend. It signifies that the buyers are overwhelming the sellers Engulfing\r\n optimistic engulfing Description The Engulfing pattern is a major reversal pattern comprised of two enemy colored bodies. This Bullish Pattern is formed after a downtrend. It is formed when a large\r\n17\r\nwhite candlestick that completely eclipses the previous day candlestick follows a small blac k candlestick. It opens lower that the previous day’s close and closes higher than the previous day’s open. Criteria 1. The candlestick body of the previous day is completely overshadowed by the next day’s candlestick. 2. Prices have been declining definitely, even if it has been in short term. 3. The color of the head start candle is similar to that of the previous one and the body of the second candle is opposite in color to that first candle. The merely exception being an engulfed body which is a doji.\r\nSignal enhancements 1. A small body being cover by the larger one. The previous day shows the trend was running out of steam. The large body shows that the new snap has started with good force. 2. Large volume on the engulfing day increases the chances that a blow off day has occurred. 3. The engulfing body engulfs absorbs the body and the shadows of the previous day; the reversal has a greater opportunity of working. 4. The probability of a strong rever sal increases as the open gaps between the previous and the current day increases. Pattern psychology After a decline has taken place, the price opens at a lower direct than its previous day closing price. Before the close of the day, the buyers have taken over and have led to an increase in the price above the opening price of the previous day. The emotional psychology of the trend has now been altered. When investors are learning the stock market they should give information that has worked with high probability in the past.\r\nBullish Engulfing signal if used after proper homework and at proper locations, can lead to highly profitable trades and consistent results. This pattern allows an investor to improve their probabilities of been in a correct trade. The common sense elements conveyed in candlestick signals makes for a clear and concise trading technique for beginning investors as well as experienced traders. pessimistic engulfing A â€Å"bearish engulfing pattern,” on the other hand, occurs when the sellers are overwhelming the buyers. This pattern consists of a small white candlestick with short shadows or tails followed by a large black candlestick that eclipses or â€Å"engulfs” the small white one.\r\nBearish Engulfing\r\n18\r\n19\r\nPiercing The bullish alikeness to the dark cloud cover is the â€Å" lancinating pattern.” The first thing to look for is to spot the piercing pattern in an existing downtrend, which consists of a long black candlestick followed by a gap lower open during the next session, but which closes at least halfway into the prior black candlestick’s real body. Description The Piercing Pattern is collected of a two-candle formation in a down trending market. With daily candles, the piercing pattern will much end a minor downtrend (a downtrend that lasts between six and fifteen trading days). The day before the piercing candle appears, the daily candle should have a fairly large dark real body, s ignifying a strong down day.\r\nCriteria 1. The downtrend has been observable for a good period. 2. The body of the first candle is black; the body of the second candle is white. 3. A long black candle occurs at the end of the trend. 4. The white candle closes more than halfway up the black candle. 5. The second day opens lower than the trading of the prior day. Signal enhancements 1. The reversal will be more pronounced, if the gap down the previous day close is more. 2. The longer the black candle and the white candle, the more forceful the reversal. 3. The higher the white candle closes into the black candle, the stronger the reversal. 4. Large volume during these two trading days is a of import confirmation.\r\nPattern psychology\r\n20\r\nThe atmosphere becomes bearish once a strong downtrend has been in effect. The price goes down. Bears may move the price even further but before the day ends the bulls enters and bring a dramatic change in price in the opposite teaching. Th ey finish near the high of the day. The move has almost negated the price decline of the previous day. This now has the bears concerned. More buying the next day will confirm the move. Being able to utilise information that has been used successfully in the past is a much more viable investment strategy than taking shots in the dark.\r\nKeep in mind, when you are given privileged information about stock market tips, where you are in the food chain. Are you one of those privileged fewer that get top-notch pertinent information on a well-timed(a) bearing, or are you one of the masses that junket into a frenzy and allow the smart funds to make the profits? Bearish Harami In up trends, the harami consists of a large white candle followed by a small white or black candle (usually black) that is within the previous session’s large real body.\r\nDescription Bearish Harami is a two candlestick pattern composed of small black real body contained within a prior coitionly long wh ite real body. The body of the first candle is the same color as that of the current trend. The open and the close occur inside the open and the close of the previous day. Its figurehead indicates that the trend is over. Criteria 1. The first candle is white in color; the body of the second candle is black. 2. The second day opens lower than the close of the previous day and closes higher than the open of the prior day. 3. For a reversal signal, confirmation is needed. The next day should show weakness. 4. The uptrend has been apparent. A long white candle occurs at the end of the trend. Signal enhancements 1. The reversal will be more forceful, if the white and the black candle are longer. 2. The lower the black candle closes down on the white candle, the more convincing that a reversal has occurred, despite the size of the black candle.\r\nPattern psychology\r\n21\r\nThe bears open the price lower than the previous close, after a strong uptrend has been in effect and after a lon g white candle day. The longs get concerned and start profit taking. The price for the day ends at a lower level. The bulls are now concerned as the price closes lower. It is becoming evident that the trend has been violated. A weak day after that would convince everybody that the trend was reversing. Volume increases due to the profit taking and the addition of short sales.\r\nBullish Harami A candlestick chart pattern in which a large candlestick is followed by a littler candlestick whose body is located within the vertical range of the larger body. In downtrends, the harami consists of a large black candle followed by a small white or black candle (usually white) that is within the previous session’s large real body. This pattern signifies that the immediately preceding trend may be concluding, and that the bulls and bears have called a truce.\r\nDescription The Harami is a commonly observed phenomenon. The pattern is composed of a two candle formation in a down-trending m arket. The color first candle is the same as that of current trend. The first body in the pattern is longer than the second one. The open and the close occur inside the open and the close of the previous day. Its presence indicates that the trend is over.\r\n22\r\nThe Harami (meaning â€Å"pregnant” in Japanese) Candlestick Pattern is a reversal pattern. The pattern consists of two Candlesticks. The first candle is black in color and a continuation of the existing trend. The second candle, the little belly sticking out, is usually white in color but that is not constantly the case. order of the reversal is affected by the location and size of the candles. Criteria 1. The first candle is black in body; the body of the second candle is white. 2. The downtrend has been evident for a good period. A long black candle occurs at the end of the trend.\r\n3. The second day opens higher than the close of the previous day and closes lower than the open of the prior day. 4. Unlike the Western â€Å" inner(a) mean solar day”, just the body needs to remain in the previous day’s body, where as the â€Å"Inside Day” requires both the body and the shadows to remain inside the previous day’s body.\r\n5. For a reversal signal, further confirmation is required to indicate that the trend is now abject up.\r\nSignal enhancements 1. The reversal will be more forceful if the black candle and the white candle are longer. 2. If the white candle closes up on the black candle thenly the reversal has occurred in a convincing mien despite the size of the white candle. Pattern psychology After a strong down-trend has been in effect and after a selling day, the bulls open at a price higher than the previous close. The short’s get concerned and start covering. The price for the day finishes at a higher level. This gives passable notice to the short sellers that trend has been violated. A strong day i.e. the next day would convince everybody th at the trend was reversing. Usually the volume is above the upstart norm due to the unwinding of short positions. When the second candle is a doji, which is a candle with an almost non-existent real body, these patterns are called â€Å"harami crosses.” They are however less reliable as reversal patterns as more indecision is indicated.\r\n23\r\nDoji Doji lines are patterns with the same open and close price. It’s a evidentiary reversal indicator.\r\nThe Importance of the Doji The arrant(a) doji session has the same opening and closing price, yet thither is some flexibility to this rule. If the opening and closing price are within a few ticks of each other, the line could still be viewed as a doji. How do you decide whether a near-doji day (that is, where the open and close are very close, but not exact) should be considered a doji? This is subjective and at that place are no rigid rules but one way is to look at a near-doji day in relation to recent action. If the re are a series of very small real bodies, the near-doji day would not be viewed as significant since so many other recent periods had small real bodies. One technique is based on recent market activity.\r\nIf the market is at an important market junction, or is at the mature part of a bull or bear move, or there are other technical signals direct out an alert, the appearance of a near-doji is treated as a doji. The philosophy is that a doji can be a significant warning and that it is better to give ear to a false warning than to ignore a real one. To ignore a doji, with all its constitutive(a) implications, could be dangerous. The doji is a distinct trend change signal. However, the likelihood of a reversal increases if subsequent candlesticks confirm the doji’s reversal potential. Doji\r\n24\r\nsessions are important only in markets where there are not many doji. If there are many doji on a particular(prenominal) chart, one should not view the emergence of a new doji in that particular market as a meaningful development. That is wherefore candlestick analysis usually should not use intra-day charts of less than 30 minutes. Less than 30 minutes and many of the candlestick lines become doji or near doji Doji at tops A Doji star at the top is a warning that the uptrend is about to change. This is especially true after a long white candlestick in an uptrend. The reason for the doji’s negative implications in uptrend is because a doji represents indecision. Indecision among bulls will not maintain the uptrend. It takes the conviction of buyers to sustain a rally. If the market has had an extended rally, or is overbought, thence formation of a doji could mean the scaffolding of buyers’ support will give way. Doji are also valued for their ability to show reversal potential in downtrends. The reason may be that a doji reflects a balance between buying and selling forces. With ambivalent market participants, the market could fall due to its own weight. Thus, an uptrend should reverse but a falling market may hold its descent. Because of this, doji need more confirmation to signal a bottom than they do a top. What are support and resistance lines? Support and resistance represent spot junctures where the forces of supply and demand meet.\r\nThese lines appear as thresholds to price patterns. They are the respective lines which bumps the prices from decreasing or increasing. A support line refers to that level beyond which a stock’s price will not fall. It denotes that price level at which there is a decent amount of demand to stop and possibly, for a time, turn a downtrend higher. Similarly a resistance line refers to that line beyond which a stock’s price will not increase. It indicates that price level at which a qualified supply of stock is available to stop and possibly, for a time, head off an uptrend in prices. Trend lines are often referred to as support and resistance lines on an angle.\r\nSu pport A support is a horizontal floor where interest in buying a commodity is strong enough to overcome the pressure to sell. Support level is the price level at which sufficient demand exists to, at least temporarily, halt a downward movement in prices. logically as the price declines towards support and gets cheaper, buyers become more given to buy and sellers become less accustomed to sell. By the time the price reaches the support level, it is believed that demand will overcome supply and prevent the price from falling below support.\r\n25\r\nSupport does not always hold true and a educate below support signals that the bulls have lost over the bears. A fall below support level indicates more willingness to sell and a lack of willingness to buy. A break in the levels of support indicates that the expectations of sellers are cut back and they are ready to sell at even lower prices. In addition, buyers could not be coerced into buying until prices declined below support or bel ow the previous low. Once support is broken, another support level will have to be established at a lower level ITC showing support and resistance\r\n confrontation\r\n26\r\nA resistance is a horizontal ceiling where the pressure to sell is greater than the pressure to buy. Thus a safeguard level is a price at which sufficient supply exists to; at least temporarily, halt an upward(a)s movement. Logically as the price advances towards resistance, sellers become more inclined to sell and buyers become less inclined to buy. By the time the price reaches the resistance level, it is believed that supply will overcome demand and prevent the price from rising above resistance.\r\nResistance does not always hold true and a break above resistance signals that the bears have lost over the bulls. A break in the resistance level shows more willingness to buy or lack of incentive to sell. Resistance breaks and new highs indicate that buyer’s expectations have increased and are ready to buy at even higher prices. In addition, sellers could not be coerced into selling until prices rose above resistance or above the previous high. Once resistance is broken, another resistance level will have to be established at a higher level.\r\nWhat Does a Technical indicator offer? Technical analysts use indicators to look into a different perspective from which stock prices can be analyzed. Technical indicators provide laughable outlook on the strength and direction of the underlying price action for a given timeframe. Why use indicators? Technical Indicators broadly serve common chord functions: to alert, to confirm and to predict. Indicator acts as an alert to study price action, sometimes it also gives a signal to watch for a break of support. A large positive divergence can act as an alert to watch for a resistance breakout. Indicators can be used to confirm other technical analysis tools. Some investors and traders use indicators to predict the direction of future prices. \r\nTips for using indicators There are a large number of Technical Indicators that can be used to assist you in selection of stocks and in tracking the right entry and exit points. In short, indicators indicate. But it doesn’t mean that traders should ignore the price action of a stock and focus solely on the indicator. Indicators just filter price action with formulas. As such, they are derivatives and not direct reflections of the price action.\r\nWhile applying the indicators, the analyst should consider: What is the indicator aspect about the price action of a security? Is the price action getting stronger? Is it getting weaker? The buy and sell signals generated by the indicators, should be read in context with other technical analysis tools like candlesticks, trends, patterns etc. For example, an indicator may flash a buy signal, but if the chart pattern shows a descending triangle with a series of declining peaks, it may be a false signal. An indicator should be sele cted with due care and attention. It would be a null exercise to cover more than five indicators. It is better(p) to focus on two or three\r\n27\r\nindicators and learn their intricacies inside and out. One should always choose indicators that complement each other, instead of those that move in unison and generate the same signals. For example, it would be redundant to use two indicators that are good for showing overbought and oversold levels, such as Stochastic and RSI. Both of these indicators measure impetus and both have overbought/oversold levels. Types of indicators Indicators can broadly be divided into two types â€Å" tip” and â€Å"LAGGING”. Leading indicators Leading indicators are knowing to lead price movements. Benefits of leading indicators are early signaling for entry and exit, generating more signals and allow more opportunities to trade. They represent a form of price momentum over a fixed look-back period, which is the number of periods used t o calculate the indicator. Some of the wellmore popular leading indicators embroil Commodity Channel Index (CCI), Momentum, sexual congress personnel Index (RSI), Stochastic Oscillator and Williams %R. Lagging Indicators Lagging Indicators are the indicators that would follow a trend rather then predicting a reversal.\r\nA lagging indicator follows an event. These indicators work well when prices move in relatively long trends. They don’t warn you of upcoming changes in prices, they simply tell you what prices are doing (i.e., rising or falling) so that you can invest accordingly. These trend following indicators makes you buy and sell late and, in exchange for missing the early opportunities, they greatly reduce your risk by keeping you on the right side of the market. Moving averages and the MACD are examples of trend following, or â€Å"lagging,” indicators. Oscillators Relative Strength Index (RSI) The RSI is part of a class of indicators called momentum oscill ators.\r\nThere are a number of indicators that fall in this category, the most common being Relative Strength Index, Stochastic, Rate of Change, Williams %R. Although these indicators are all calculated differently, there are a number of common elements to their use which shall be discussed in the context of the RSI. What is momentum? Momentum is simply the rate of change †the speed or slope at which a stock or commodity ascends or declines. meter speed is a useful gage of be change. For example, assume that you were riding in a friends’ car, not looking at what was happening ahead but instead just at the speedometer. You can see when the car starts to unbend down and if it continues to do so you can reasonably assume it’s going to stop very shortly. You may not know the reason for it coming to a stop…it\r\n28\r\ncould be the end of the journey, approaching and intersection or because the road is a little rougher ahead. In this manner ceremony the speed provides a guide for what may happen in the future. An oscillator is an indicator that moves back and forrard across a reference line or between prescribed upper and lower limits. When an oscillator reaches a new high, it shows that an uptrend is gaining speed and is likely to continue. When an oscillator traces a lower peak, it means that the trend has stopped accelerating and a reversal can be expected from there, much like a car slowing down to make a U-Turn. In the same way watching a stock for impending momentum change can provide a glimpse of what may happen in the future †momentum oscillators, such as RSI are referred to as trend leading indicators.\r\nThe chart below illustrates the typical construction of the RSI which oscillates between 0% and 100%. You will notice there is a pair of horizontal reference lines: 70% ‘overbought’ and 30% ‘oversold’ lines. The overbought region refers to the case where the RSI oscillator has moved into a regio n of significant buying pressure relative to the recent past and is often an indication that an upward trend is about to end. Similarly the oversold region refers to the lower part of the momentum oscillator where there is a significant amount of selling pressure relative to the recent past and is indicative of an end to a down swing. Application of RSI RSI is a momentum oscillator generally used in sideways or ranging markets where the price moves between support and resistance levels.\r\nIt is one of the most useful technical tool employed by many traders to measure the velocity of directional price movement. Overbought and Oversold The RSI is a price-following oscillator that ranges between 0 and 100. Generally, technical analysts use 30% oversold and 70% overbought lines to generate the buy and sell signals. ïÆ'Ëœ Go long when the indicator moves from below to above the oversold line. ïÆ'Ëœ Go short when the indicator moves from above to below the overbought line. bankers bil l here that the direction of crossing is important; the indicator needs to first go past the overbought/oversold lines and then cross back through them.\r\n29\r\n bullion Chart showing buy and sell points and also the failure in trending market What is the MACD and how is it calculated? The MACD does not completely fall into either the trend-leading indicator or trend following indicator; it is in fact a hybrid with elements of both. The MACD comprises two lines, the fast line and the slow or signal line. These are easy to identify as the slow line will be the smoother of the two. NIFTY chart below illustrates the basic MACD lines\r\nThe procedure for calculating the MACD lines is as follows: Step1. estimate a 12 period exponential lamentable average of the close price. Step2. imagine a 26 period exponential moving average of the close price. Step3. Subtract the 26 period moving average from the 12 period moving average. This is the fast MACD line. Step4. Calculate a 9 period exp onential moving average of the fast MACD line calculated above. This is the slow or signal MACD line. Sampling Plan The companies are selected from top 50 blue chip companies, and then fundamental analysis is done and then the technical analysis Limitations As we know that equity market is highly unpredictable and its really hard to predict the future trend of the equity so all the analysis that is done just gives the high probability of the trend that is going to happen, it does not give any surety.\r\n30\r\nCHAPTER 3: FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS\r\n3.1 Findings\r\nFundamental Analysis\r\n31\r\nTechnical Analysis SBI\r\nSBI-I\r\n32\r\nSBI â€II Chart SBI-I shows different support and resistance level for last two years. Chart SBI-II shows the morning star which is encircled.\r\n33\r\nJINDAL brace\r\nThe above chart shows inverted hammer with DOJI.\r\n34\r\nVOLTAS\r\nThe above chart shows two inverted hammer.\r\n35\r\nBHEL\r\nThe above chart shows inverted hammer with bullish candle.\r \n36\r\nHPCL\r\nThe above chart shows DOJI.\r\n37\r\n3.2 Analysis\r\nFundamental Analysis As we have analyzed from the list of companies on basis of fundamental rationality. It tells us the company on which we should invest. The companies are:-\r\nSBI\r\n38\r\nFrom the above figures one can come to following conclusion:ïÆ'¼ As a company should have high EPS and so is the case with SBI whose EPS is 256.11 ïÆ'¼ Its P/E ratio is relatively lesser than other companies ïÆ'¼ Positive PEG is a good sign. ïÆ'¼ P/B is less than 1 which says it is undervalued so its high time to buy shares of this company. ïÆ'¼ And on other grounds it has fair figures.\r\nBHEL\r\nFrom the above figures one can come to following conclusion:ïÆ'¼ EPS is relatively high as compared to its per share price. ïÆ'¼ Low P/E and P/S ratio which is always good. ïÆ'¼ Good dividend payout ratio, dividend and return on equity. HPCL From the above figures one can come to following conclusion:ïÆ'¼ EPS is re latively high as compared to its per share price. ïÆ'¼ Its P/E ratio is relatively lesser than other companies ïÆ'¼ P/B value is lesser which gives a clear indication that the prices will rise in future. ïÆ'¼ Dividend is relatively higher.\r\nTechnical analysis On the basis of technical analysis one can come to the following conclusion:SBI From the chart SBI-II its seen that there is formation of morning star which is a sign of trend reversal. And from here it is expected that it will go bullish. We can also see that RSI is in upward direction which indicates that it will go bullish and even MACD is in estimation of bullish nature. So it is very powerfully recommended that one should invest in this share and should hold as long as there is a sign of trend reversal. JINDAL STEEL As from the chart we have seen that inverted hammer has occurred long before followed by bullish candle which was the sign of buying but not it has reached to such a level at which it can reverse anyti me. The RSI is also high and MACD can anytime go for selling indication.\r\n39\r\nVOLTAS From the chart of Voltas it is very distinctly indicated that there are two inverted hammer and the hammer is followed by a green candle and thus we can say it has taken the bullish trend. We can also see that RSI is in upward direction which indicates that it will go bullish and even MACD is in favor of bullish nature. So it is very strongly recommended that one should invest in this share and should hold as long as there is a sign of trend reversal. BHEL From the chart of Bhel it is very clearly indicated that there is a inverted hammer followed by a green candle and thus we can say it has taken the bullish trend. We can also see that RSI is in upward direction which indicates that it will go bullish and even MACD is in favor of bullish nature. So it is very strongly recommended that one should invest in this share and should hold as long as there is a sign of trend reversal. HPCL From the ch art of HPCL there is formation of a DOJI candle which is one of the strongest sign of trend reversal and for bullish trend to come in. We can also see that RSI is in upward direction which indicates that it will go bullish and even MACD is in favor of bullish nature. So it is very strongly recommended that one should invest in this share and should hold as long as there is a sign of trend reversal\r\n40\r\nCHAPTER FOUR: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS\r\n4.1 thickset\r\nThis project is being done to construct portfolio of clients with the help of fundamental and technical analysis. Also analyze their portfolio by valuating those companies where they have already invested using specific valuation model. Then find out whether it is right time to invest in those companies using technical analysis. Also calculating the returns they are getting and suggest for higher return. As we can see we have come up with certain companies which have strong possibilities to do well. The different to ols and indicators play a very vital role in analyzing the companies as well as forecasting their price behavior.\r\n4.2 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION Recommendations\r\nThe final portfolio that I came up with is 1. SBI 2. JINDAL STEEL 3. VOLTAS 4. BHEL 5. HPCL\r\nConclusion\r\nIn this project we have found out that both the analysis fundamental and technical analysis can be used for the same purpose as to build a portfolio but they and completely different. One should not try to relate these two analysis with each other as it could lead to blunder. Both of the analysis are independent of each other. Both the analysis just gives a possibility that which option one should go for in case one wants to invest. It doesn’t confirms the result as they are just expected result.\r\n'